| PRINCE2 | Projects IN a Contollled Environment is a best practise project management methodology that is an open method, that is, there is no licensing fee. Furthermore there is an established, freely available pool of existing knowledge based on previous experience. PRINCE2 leans on common sense whilst utilising subtle, but effective, control mechanisms. |
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| Process Colours | Printers / Scanners. The four colours (cyan, magenta, yellow and black) that are combined to print a wide range of colours. When blended, these reproduce only a small portion of all the colours found in nature, but they can reproduce the widest range with the fewest inks when printing. See also CMYK.
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| Processes | the functions performed by users or users aided by information systems which generate, transform, modify, collect, organize, present, transfer, and destroy information. |
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| Project | A program of related activities and resources to achieve a specific objective, and which has a defined beginning and a definite end (i.e. a finite life-span). In the Research Information Applications Development Section (Sandwich), it is taken to refer to the development work to implement a computerised system, terminating on release of the system to users.
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| Protocol | General computing. A protocol is a standardised set of rules that specify how a conversation is to take place, including the format, timing, sequencing and/or error checking.
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| Provenance | The source (person or organisation) of origin of the records and their proven custodial history. The archival principle of provenance requires that archives from different sources should not be intermixed. |
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| Q-Bert | A mid 1980s arcade game that involved a fuzzy red creature jumping from cube to cube, trying to avoid a purple snake named Coily. |
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| Quality Assurance (QA) | The practice of checking hardware, software, or systems for defects, identifying such defects, and then checking to make sure that such defects are corrected when future revisions of software or hardware are ready for testing. QA workers typically work closely with the people who develop hardware and software, and often program exhaustive scripts to automate checking and identify problems. |
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| Quality Plan | The document used to govern the conduct of a project. Defines the controls and standards used.
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| Quality Review | A formal, documented review of a completed item (document or program) to ensure that it meets appropriate standards as defined in the Quality Plan.
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| Quark Integration | Content can be checked in and out of the content repository via Quark.
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| Quartz | Based on version 1.4 of the Portable Document Format (PDF) specification — the same standard that drives the professional publishing industry — Quartz is the name for Panther’s revolutionary composited windowing system. Take one glance at the Panther screen and you’ll see crisp graphics, anti-aliased text, liquid transparency and photo-realistic drop shadows. The technology behind this unparalleled graphic rendering quality is Quartz. |
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| RAID | Storage. Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks - RAID systems are used primarily in server environments. RAID has many implementations and variations, but all versions attempt to achieve the same goal - protection and availability of stored data.
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| Rare Earths | Optical. Metallic elements of the lanthanide series (atomic numbers 57 through 71) in the chemical periodic table, such as Praeseodymium, Neodimium, Samarium, Gadolinium and Dysprosium, which are used to form the thin magnetic layer in rewritable optical disks.
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| Read/Write Head | Storage products. A head which may be shifted horizontally to the disk surface and which consists of at least one electro-magnet. The head may magnetise the disk surface (write on it), read it and erase it; erasing being a write process with a regular pattern.
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| Ream | Printers. 500 sheets
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| Ream Weight | Printers / Scanners . A measure of paper weight, a fixed weight per ream (500 sheets) of different paper grades weighed by their designated basis sheet size. i.e. 17Lb / ream = 64 gsm. The conversion between ream weight depends on the basis sheet size, to convert from ream weight to gsm use the following multipliers. Basis Size
17" x 22" use 3.759
20" x 26" use 2.704
24" x 36" use 1.627
See also : GSM
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| Record Series | A group of identical or related records that are normally used and filed as a unit and which permits evaluation as a unit for disposal scheduling purposes. A series may consist of one or many records. |
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| Recording Density | Storage products. The number of all magnetised points on the magnetic data carrier. Measured in bits per inch (bpi) and tracks per inch (tpi).
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| Records | Information created, received and maintained as evidence and information by an organisation or person, in pursuance of legal obligations or in the transaction of business. |
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| Records Continuum | The whole extent of a recordÂ’s existence. Refers to a consistent and coherent regime of management processes from the time of record creation (and before creation, in the design of record-keeping systems), through to the preservation and use of records as archives. |
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| Records Management | Information system that captures manages and provides access to records through time. |
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| Records Management System | A network of related computer software, hardware and data transmission devices that collects and stores data, and is further more able to retrieve and present that data in a human readable format ensuring that the data is authentic, reliable, complete, unaltered and useable, and that the integrity of the system is protected over time. |
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| Reed-Solomon Code | Storage products. An error detection code or an error correcting code or a combination of both which is particularly suited to the correction of burst errors or errors that are strongly correlated.
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| Repository | The institution or building where archival material is stored and/or made available to researchers. |
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| Resampling | Scanners. An increase or reduction in the number of pixels in an image, required to change its resolution without altering its size. See also down-sampling and interpolation .
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| Retention Schedules | Lists of the series of records produced by an organisation indicating the length of time for which they must be retained before disposal.
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| RLL | Storage products. Run Length Limited. Recording method for hard disk drives with a high recording density
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| Rotary Voice Coil Actuator | Storage products. In principle, the rotary voice coil actuator consists of a movable wire coil in a stationary magnetic field (similar to the principle of a loudspeaker). When there is current flowing through the coil, the resulting magnetic field interacting with the permanent magnet causes a movement which again acts on the positioning arm. This movement may be varied infinitely (linear) with the current strength. |
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| RTM | General. Read The Manual!
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| Samba | (SMB) A client/server protocol that provides file and printer sharing between computers. In addition SMB can share serial ports and communications abstractions such as named pipes and mail slots. SMB is similar to remote procedure call (RPC) specialised for file system access. SMB was developed by Intel, Microsoft, and IBM in the early 1980s. It has also had input from Xerox and 3Com. It is the native method of file and print sharing for Microsoft operating systems; where it is called Microsoft Networking. Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, and Windows NT all include SMB clients and servers. SMB is also used by OS/2, Lan Manager and Banyan Vines. There are SMB servers and clients for Unix, for example Samba and smbclient. |
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| Sampling | Scanners. The process of converting analogue data into digital data by taking a series of samples or readings at equal time intervals.
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| Scalability/ Reliabilty | Disributed network support, 24 x 7 administration, replication and large repository support.
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| Screen | Printers / Scanners. To break up continuous-tone copy into dots for reproduction as a halftone. Line screens are designated by the number of ruled lines they contain: from 50 lines per inch to 500 lines per inch. The greater the number of lines per inch, the sharper and fine the printed half-tone. The selection of the screen is dictated by the paper, press, the nature of the copy
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| Screen Angles | Printers / Scanners. The angles used to offset the different films in process colour separations. Proper screen angles are critical to minimize moire' patterns
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| Screen Ruling | Printers / Scanners. The number of lines per inch in the halftone screen. The lower the number, the larger and more widely spaced the dots. Higher screen rulings allow reproduction of fine detail.
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| SCSI | General computing. Small Computer Systems Interface A parallel interface allowing the pooling of up to 56 units (computer, printer, storage devices, etc.) on a single bus although in practice only 8 units are supported.
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| SDI | Selective Dissemination of Information, A system by which a user is supplied with information on subjects of his/her interest on an ongoing process |
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| Search And Retrieval | Provides for easy search of documents based on user and system defined keywords. |
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| Security Policy | Rules, which govern and identify the relationships between members and the objects of an information domain. |
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| Security Services | activities that assist in, or provide for, the protection of information. Security services are provided by security mechanisms. Security mechanisms are diverse and include items such as guards, fences, cryptographic software, badges, or labels. The security services defined here are mutually supporting and often overlapping in the services provided. Although the definitions are provided in terms of people as individuals, they apply to groups, processes, and other agents or objects. |
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| Seek Time | Storage products. The time required for moving the head from the current track to a specified track. The seek time does not include the average latency.
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| Series | Documents forming an entity within an archive or group e.g. minute books, out-going correspondence, clinical records. |
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| SGML | The Standardised General Mark-up Language, (ISO/IEC 8879:1986, now incorporating TC3) is a standard supporting the electronic processing, preservation and delivery of text-orientated information. SGML focuses on the description of the structure instead of the form, and is medium-independent. SGML is a superset of XML, and is used to define HTML. |
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| Signature tablet | An input device to record an electronic version of a personal signature. The signature may be captured as a flat image, or further data may be recorded depending on the application. |
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| Simplex | Scanners. Single sided |
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| Skew | Storage products. The actual or apparent local spacing (parallel to the reference edge) between two track elements of a row (DIN 66010), generally: shift, spacing. |
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| Speckling | Scanners. Isolated light pixels in predominantly dark image areas, sometimes caused by incorrect readings or noise in the scanning device.
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| Sputtering | Storage products. The application of a magnetic layer without a binder by means of ionic bombardment in a vacuum.
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| SSADM | Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology. |
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Glossary
